Common Faults And Preventive Measures Of Motor Accessories

Motors are widely used in industrial production, household appliances, automobiles and other fields, and the operating status of their accessories directly affects the overall performance of the motor. Common motor accessories include stators, rotors, bearings, brushes, insulation materials, etc. During long-term use, these accessories may fail due to wear, aging, overload and other problems. This article will introduce common faults of motor accessories and their preventive measures to help extend the service life of the motor and improve the operating efficiency of the equipment.

1. Bearing failure

Fault manifestation: Bearing damage is usually manifested as abnormal noise, abnormal temperature increase or increased motor vibration. The main reasons include insufficient lubrication, grease contamination, overload or bearing aging.

Preventive measures:

Check the bearing lubrication regularly, use appropriate grease, and replace the lubricant according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

Ensure that the motor operating environment is clean to prevent dust and foreign matter from entering the bearing.

Avoid overloading the motor for a long time to reduce the risk of bearing damage.

2. Stator winding failure

Fault manifestation: Winding short circuit, open circuit or grounding fault will cause the motor to fail to start, abnormal temperature or burn out. The reasons may be insulation aging, overload operation or humid environment leading to reduced insulation performance.

Preventive measures:

Measure the insulation resistance of the winding regularly to ensure good insulation performance.

Avoid long-term overload operation of the motor to reduce the heating of the winding.

Take moisture-proof measures, such as increasing ventilation, using moisture-proof paint or keeping the machine room dry.

3. Rotor failure

Failure manifestation: Rotor imbalance can cause vibration, and broken rotor bars may cause abnormal motor speed or insufficient torque. The reasons are mostly manufacturing defects, mechanical shock or overload use.

Preventive measures:

Check the rotor balance during installation and maintenance, and adjust the unbalanced parts in time.

Avoid frequent starting and stopping of the motor to reduce the impact on the rotor.

Regularly detect the rotor current and speed changes, and deal with abnormalities in time.

4. Brush and commutator failure

Failure manifestation: Severe brush wear, commutator surface ablation or abnormal arc sparks may affect the normal operation of the motor. The main reasons include mismatch of brush materials, uneven brush pressure or environmental pollution.

Preventive measures:

Choose brushes of suitable materials and replace them according to the prescribed cycle.

Clean the commutator surface regularly to remove the oxide layer or carbon deposits.

Maintain uniform contact pressure between the commutator and the brush to prevent unnecessary wear.

5. Insulation aging

Fault manifestation: Damage to the insulation layer will cause short circuit or leakage of the motor, which may cause motor damage or even safety accidents in severe cases. The main causes of insulation aging include high temperature, humidity, chemical corrosion or mechanical damage.

Preventive measures:

Choose high temperature and humidity resistant insulation materials to improve the motor's environmental resistance.

Take good heat dissipation measures to reduce the internal temperature of the motor.

Avoid long-term operation of the motor in harsh environments, such as high humidity, high dust or corrosive gas environments.

Conclusion

The failure of motor accessories not only affects the stable operation of the equipment, but may also cause serious economic losses. Through reasonable maintenance and preventive measures, the failure rate can be effectively reduced, the service life of the motor can be extended, and the operating efficiency can be improved. Therefore, in daily use, motor maintenance should be strengthened, key accessories should be checked regularly, and the motor should always be in good condition.